Richard’s Substack

Richard’s Substack

AI and human intelligence

Are we nothing more than advanced computing machines?

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Richard Smoley
Dec 07, 2025
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Psychologist Charles Tart observed that psychologists and philosophers tend to explain the mind in terms of the most advanced technology of their time. For Freud, it was the steam engine: the huffing and puffing of the id harnessed by the ego and superego.

So in a video I hear Donald Hoffman, a cognitive scientist at UC Irvine, describe human cognition in terms of a desktop interface.

Human cognition may well be like a computer interface, but it is also different.

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